THE GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD:
Translation has an important place in learning English. In Indian context it is most important for comprehension. When we thought of other language we cannot help thinking in our language. Principles of the grammar-translation method can best be described after ‘Thompson and Wyatt’ as the process to interpret, to assimilate and to learn foreign phraseology best. This method aims at training students to extract meaning from the foreign texts by translation. meet this end this method insists on teaching English through deductive method with the help of mother tongue. Despite being time consuming this method is much used by teachers in India. Importance is given to the set rules and learning them by heart by translating rules of grammar to mother tongue. But this method has several drawbacks. When grammar translation method gives students comprehension but prevents students from cultivating skills. In this method there is the fear of getting confused on the part of students. Pronunciation, intonation, communication skills are given a back seat for knowing rules.
However, Jespersen suggests that instead of translating the whole connected text, a word or the very most,a sentence now and then can be translated. The aims of this method are as follows:
1. To make people fluent and accurate in the spoken word
2. To make people fluent and accurate in the written word
3. To prepare pupil to be bilingual.
ADVANTAGES:
1. It is done in student’s own language
2. It increases the vocabulary of the students.
3. For the teacher, the method is very easy.
4. The child learns English better with his prior knowledge of mother tongue.
5. The comprehension of the children can be tested easily by this method
6. Emphasis is given to teach much vocabulary.
7. The linguistic material is SET UP on a grammatical base plan
8. Grammar is taught deductively.
DISADVANTAGES:
1It is hard to find a matching equivalent for a particular word in a particular language in other language.
2. This method fails to catch the mind and arrest the soul of the learner.
3. There is little provision for the training of speech.
4. It is a dull and mechanical method.
5. This method fails to create direct contact between thought and expression.
6. The lesson based on grammatical principles is not suitable for the young learners.
7. This method ignores phonetics, pronunciation and fluency in speech
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