VOICE

VOICE

In voice the verb describes the relationship between the action and doer of the action. when subject  itself is the doer of the action the verb is in active voice.

The lion killed the deer.

The sentence is in active voice as “The lion” is the subject  (S) and the doer of the action .There is another type of voice in which the subject and the object change their grammatical roles. Let us see the following sentence-

The deer was killed by the lion.

This is an example of passive voice.In this particular sentence the subject ,the object (O)  , the sentence itself  get some change in their roles. The subjects of the active voice has become object here .  the object of the active voice has become the subject 

The lion killed the deer.

                                                            S                           O

The deer was killed by the lion.

                                                       S                                         O

In the second sentence the subject is  not the doer of the action. The verb has also got some changes “ killed “ has become “was killed” followed by the word “by” . When we change the voice from active to passive then the verb of the passive voice should be written in past participle form of the verb with  a form of  ‘be’  verb according to the tense of the active voice. ‘Was’ is used in the second sentence as the verb of the active voice is in past tense.

 

The lion killed the deer.

The deer was killed by the lion.

After the verb of the passive voice  'by' should be written.

The rules are :

• The subject changes its position with the object. Subject goes to object position and object goes to subect with slight change with pronouns as listed below- 

             Subject pronoun                             object pronoun

                   I                                                       Me

                   We                                                     Us

                   He                                                      Him

                   She                                                     Her                                              

                   They                                                   Them 

•  Forms of 'Be' verb should be taken according to the tense of the verb.

• After the verb of the passive voice  'by' should be written.

  
  

   

 

 

Moral Education

 

        To achieve the ultimate goal of the new educational perspective speculations and researches, endeavors have been made, surveys have been imparted, suggestions are made for up-to-date educational planning. After the independence Central Government on its part has taken certain initiative by constituting various Education Commissions for suggesting proposals to re-structure the educational pattern. Despite of these proposals and suggestions of these commissions, it is felt that there are some drawbacks in formulating a uniform policy. As such research in the field of education is the demand of the time. Education syste of a country is of crucial in studying its social structure and its operating context subsequently.For the upliftment of society and better personality development, there must be a well and healthy society, which can provide a peacefull and uncorrupted life. Prof. B.C. Rai in his chapter of Moral Education had remarked that-“today there is deterioration of morality in society. The moral and ethical aspect has been neglected not only at the social level, but at the national level also.” According to various educationists one very important aim of education should be the development of character, character is always related to morality. Hence, for the development of good character, moral and ethical education is very much essential and the schools have a very responsible role to play in the development of future citizenship. In the daily life of every individual, one has to deal with problems of values which may be called problems of morality and character conduct.

Glimpses of history of Theatre

 

Theatre, drama, tragedy, comedy are words of Greek origin. Greek’s fundamental belief on influence and attention of rivalry between good and evil(within and outside individuals)plays crucial role in temple dramas then. The South Asian theatre centres in India preeminently for its massive population and cultural diversity. The mythological origin of theatre and drama in India is related to sage Bharata’s Natyasastra. In the first play of this world’s oldest text on the genre, shows the victory of the gods over demons. As far as play is concerned, playwrights in India had a wide range of choices; but for them Nataka was their favourite. Nataka is a play which has five and no more than seven acts and the dominant sentiment is either love or heroism.The earliest plays in India hails from North India with Asvaghosa in second century A.D. These dramas follow the rules laid by Natyasastra. However, the greatest playwright of India of all time is undoubtedly Kalidasa. His plays like Swapna Vasavadatta  and others are still performed in Kutiyattam of kerala.Kalidas’s dramas are full of ‘Rasa’,aesthetic beauty, the original contribution of India to the world. Although Sanskrit dramas decline after the tenth century, Kutiyattam survives today in kerala. When Vaisnavism started in fifteenth century, Ankiya nat started in Assam and jatra in Bengal and that is the start of theatre in real sense. Ankiya nat or Bhaona ruled the hearts of masses by their portrayal of deities and imparted moral wisdom. Sankardeva believed it to be better to place his philosophy through theatre rather than through written texts.Later the impact of colonialism and foreign influence brought many changes to theatres. The same happens with assamese theatre also. Fortunately Ankia nat or vaona has sustained overcoming all of the upheavals of modernization and globalization. It is now an internationally acclaimed performance art. Sangeet Natak Academy organizes yearly performance of vaona. NGOs are also taking initiatives for staging vaona throughout Assam.